Standards-based grading paradigm allows methods to support students rather than judge, empowers learning rather than control, gives choices rather than mandates, and dignifies failure as a part of learning. page 37. Contents: The culture of grading -- Why we need a new grading paradigm -- What grading looks like in the standards-based classroom -- What, how, and when to grade -- How to reform grading: making change happen -- Afterword -- Appendix.